Top 100 Quantity Surveying Interview Questions and Answers [2023 Updated]

1. What is Quantity Surveying?

Quantity Surveying is a specialized field within Civil Engineering that deals with estimating, managing and controlling construction costs, project planning, and risk management. Quantity Surveyors analyze project specifications and drawings to determine the required resources and materials and their costs to complete a construction project. They also manage contracts, monitor progress, and advise on any potential project scope or budget changes.

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2. What is Valuation in Quantity Surveying?

Valuation in Quantity Surveying refers to assessing the worth or value of a property, asset or project. It involves analyzing various factors, such as location, condition, size, and market demand, to determine an accurate and fair market value.

3. What is the role of a Quantity Surveyor in a construction project?

The role of a Quantity Surveyor in a construction project is to manage costs, budgets, and contracts. They work closely with the client, architects, engineers, and contractors to ensure the project is completed on time, within budget, and to the required quality standards. They also prepare tender and contract documents, assess and manage risk, and advise on the feasibility and viability of a project.

4. What are the key skills required for a Quantity Surveyor?

Some of the key skills required for a Quantity Surveyor include the following:

• Strong analytical and mathematical skills
• Good communication and interpersonal skills
• Excellent attention to detail
• Proficiency in computer software, such as MS Excel and AutoCAD
• Knowledge of building regulations and construction law
• Ability to work under pressure and meet deadlines
• Strong negotiation and problem-solving skills

5. What are the different stages of a construction project?

The different stages of a construction project include:

• Pre-construction stage: This includes site investigation, design development, and procurement of permits and approvals.
• Construction stage: This is the actual building phase, where the construction team carries out the work according to the project plan and specifications.
• Post-construction stage: This involves testing, commissioning, and handing over the completed project to the client.

11. What is Cost Management?

Cost Management is the process of planning, monitoring, and controlling the costs of a construction project from start to finish. It involves developing a budget, estimating costs, tracking expenses, and implementing strategies to keep costs within budget.

12. What are the main components of Cost Management?

The main components of Cost Management include:

• Cost Planning: Developing a budget and estimating costs for a construction project.
• Cost Control: Monitoring and managing costs to keep them within budget.
• Cost Estimating: Calculating the costs of materials, labor, equipment, and other resources required for a construction project.
• Value Engineering: Identifying cost-saving opportunities without compromising on quality or functionality.
• Risk Management: Assessing and managing potential risks that could impact the project’s cost.

13. What is Value Engineering?

Value Engineering is a process that involves analyzing a construction project to identify opportunities to reduce costs without sacrificing quality or functionality. It involves examining the project design, materials, and construction methods to find ways to achieve the same results at a lower cost.

14. What are the benefits of Value Engineering?

The benefits of Value Engineering include the following:

• Reduced construction costs
• Improved project performance and efficiency
• Enhanced project quality and safety
• Greater stakeholder satisfaction
• Reduced environmental impact
• Increased project value

15. What is Risk Management?

Risk Management is the process of identifying, assessing, and managing potential risks that could impact the success of a construction project. It involves analyzing potential risks, developing strategies to mitigate those risks, and monitoring and managing risks throughout the project lifecycle.

21. What is a Variation?

A Variation is a change to the original scope or requirements of a construction project. It can include changes to the design, materials, or construction methods, and can impact the project’s cost, schedule, and quality.

22. How are Variations managed in a construction project?

Variations are managed by following the procedures outlined in the contract. This typically involves assessing the impact of the variation on the project’s scope, schedule, and cost, and obtaining approval from the client before proceeding with the variation.

23. What is a Final Account?

A Final Account is a document that summarizes the total cost of a construction project, including all variations, adjustments, and contingencies. It is prepared at the end of the project and is used to settle the final payment between the client and the contractor.

24. What is a Dispute Resolution?

Dispute Resolution is the process of resolving conflicts or disputes that may arise during a construction project. It involves identifying the issue, gathering information, and negotiating a solution that satisfies all parties involved.

25. What are the main methods of Dispute Resolution?

The main methods of Dispute Resolution include:

• Negotiation: Informal discussion between parties to reach an agreement.
• Mediation: A neutral third party facilitates discussions between parties to reach an agreement.
• Arbitration: A formal process in which an arbitrator hears both sides of the dispute and makes a binding decision.
• Litigation: A formal process in which parties go to court to resolve the dispute.

26. What is an Estimating Software?

An Estimating Software is a computer program that helps Quantity Surveyors and other professionals in the construction industry to estimate the costs of a construction project. It typically includes tools for cost estimation, project scheduling, and material takeoff.

27. What is a Takeoff?

A Takeoff is the process of measuring and quantifying the materials and resources required for a construction project. It involves analyzing project plans and drawings to determine the quantity of materials needed and their associated costs.

28. What is a Measurement?

A Measurement is a detailed description of the quantities and types of materials required for a construction project. It is used to prepare a Bill of Quantities and to estimate the total cost of the project.

29. What is a Scope of Work?

A Scope of Work is a document that outlines the tasks, activities, and deliverables required to complete a construction project. It includes project objectives, specifications, and requirements, and serves as a guide for the project team.

31. What is a Cost Benefit Analysis?

A Cost Benefit Analysis is a technique used to evaluate the financial and economic feasibility of a construction project. It involves comparing the costs of the project to its expected benefits to determine whether the project is worth undertaking.

32. What is a Cash Flow Forecast?

A Cash Flow Forecast is a document that estimates the inflows and outflows of cash for a construction project over a period of time. It is used to manage and monitor the project’s cash flow, and to ensure that there is sufficient cash available to meet the project’s expenses.

33. What is Depreciation?

Depreciation is the reduction in value of a property or asset over time due to wear and tear, obsolescence, or other factors. It is typically accounted for in the financial statements of a construction project and is used to calculate the asset’s remaining value.

34. What is the Internal Rate of Return (IRR)?

The Internal Rate of Return (IRR) is a financial metric used to evaluate the profitability of a construction project. It represents the discount rate at which the net present value of the project’s cash inflows equals its cash outflows.

35. What is Net Present Value (NPV)?

Net Present Value (NPV) is a financial metric used to evaluate the profitability of a construction project. It represents the difference between the present value of the project’s expected cash inflows and its cash outflows.

36. What is a Preliminary Estimate?

A Preliminary Estimate is an initial cost estimate prepared at the beginning of a construction project. It is typically based on limited information and is used to establish a budget and to determine the feasibility of the project.

37. What is a Feasibility Study?

A Feasibility Study is an analysis of the viability of a construction project. It involves assessing the project’s technical, financial, and economic feasibility, and determining whether it is worth pursuing.

38. What is a Construction Budget?

A Construction Budget is a financial plan that outlines the expected costs and expenses of a construction project. It is used to manage and control costs, and to ensure that the project stays within budget.

39. What is a Project Schedule?

A Project Schedule is a document that outlines the timeline and milestones for a construction project. It includes key dates, deadlines, and deliverables, and is used to manage and monitor the progress of the project.

40. What is a Retention?

A Retention is a percentage of the contract value that is withheld by the client as a form of security for the completion of a construction project. It is typically released to the contractor once the project is completed and any defects have been remedied.

41. What is a Cost Overrun?

A Cost Overrun occurs when the actual cost of a construction project exceeds the budgeted amount. It can be caused by a variety of factors, such as unexpected changes to the project scope, delays, or cost increases for materials and labor.

42. What is a Contingency?

A Contingency is an amount of money set aside in the construction budget to cover unexpected costs or risks that may arise during the project. It is typically a percentage of the total project cost and is used to manage and control project costs.

43. What is a Cost Code?

A Cost Code is a unique identifier used to track and categorize project costs. It is typically used in construction accounting and is used to allocate costs to specific tasks, activities, or resources.

44. What is a Construction Draw?

A Construction Draw is a payment made by the client to the contractor at various stages of a construction project. It is typically based on the completion of specific milestones or tasks and is used to fund the ongoing work of the project.

45. What is a Lump Sum Contract?

A Lump Sum Contract is a type of construction contract in which the contractor agrees to complete the project for a fixed price. The contract typically includes a detailed scope of work and specifications, and the contractor is responsible for managing costs to ensure that the project stays within budget.

46. What is a Cost Plus Contract?

A Cost Plus Contract is a type of construction contract in which the contractor is reimbursed for the actual costs incurred during the project, plus a percentage for profit. The contract typically includes a detailed scope of work and specifications, and the client is responsible for managing costs to ensure that the project stays within budget.

47. What is a Unit Price Contract?

A Unit Price Contract is a type of construction contract in which the contractor is paid based on the quantities of materials or services used during the project. The contract typically includes a detailed schedule of prices for each unit of material or service, and the contractor is responsible for managing costs to ensure that the project stays within budget.

48. What is a Schedule of Values?

A Schedule of Values is a document that breaks down the total contract amount into various categories, such as materials, labor, and equipment. It is used to track and manage costs during the project and to ensure that the project stays within budget.

49. What is a Change Directive?

A Change Directive is a written order issued by the client that authorizes a change to the project’s scope, schedule, or budget. It is used to manage and document changes to the project during construction.

50. What is a Performance Bond?

A Performance Bond is a type of surety bond that guarantees that the contractor will complete the project according to the terms of the contract. It is typically required by the client as a form of security and is used to protect against default or non-performance by the contractor.

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51. What is a Payment Bond?

A Payment Bond is a type of surety bond that guarantees that the contractor will pay its subcontractors, suppliers, and other parties involved in the project. It is typically required by the client as a form of security and is used to protect against non-payment by the contractor.

61. What is a Design Specification?

A Design Specification is a type of project specification that specifies the exact materials, components, and systems that must be used in a construction project. It typically includes detailed drawings, specifications, and other information necessary to ensure that the project is constructed according to the design.

62. What is a Bill of Quantities?

A Bill of Quantities is a document that lists all the materials and resources required for a construction project, along with their quantities and associated costs. It is used to estimate the total cost of the project and to prepare a construction budget.

63. What is a Quantity Surveying Software?

A Quantity Surveying Software is a computer program that helps Quantity Surveyors and other professionals in the construction industry to manage and control project costs. It typically includes tools for cost estimation, project scheduling, material takeoff, and other related functions.

64. What is a Life Cycle Cost Analysis?

A Life Cycle Cost Analysis is a technique used to evaluate the total cost of owning and operating a building or other asset over its entire lifespan, including acquisition, maintenance, and disposal costs. It is used to help stakeholders make informed decisions about the long-term financial viability of a construction project.

65. What is a Green Building?

A Green Building is a construction project that is designed and built to be environmentally sustainable, energy-efficient, and resource-efficient. It typically includes features such as renewable energy systems, water conservation measures, and green materials and technologies.

66. What is the difference between a Quantity Surveyor and a Valuer?

While both Quantity Surveyors and Valuers work in the construction industry, their roles and responsibilities are different. Quantity Surveyors deal with the cost and management of construction projects, while Valuers focus on the appraisal and valuation of properties and assets.

67. What is a Valuation Report?

A Valuation Report is a document that provides an appraisal of the value of a property or asset. It includes details about the condition, location, and other factors that may impact the value of the property.

68. What are the different methods used in property valuation?

There are several methods used in property valuation, including the sales comparison approach, the cost approach, and the income approach.

69. What is the sales comparison approach?

The sales comparison approach is a method of property valuation that involves comparing the subject property to similar properties that have recently sold in the same area.

70. What is the cost approach?

The cost approach is a method of property valuation that involves estimating the cost of rebuilding the property from scratch, and then deducting any depreciation to determine the property’s value.

82. What is a request for proposal?

A request for proposal is a document that is used to solicit proposals from vendors or contractors for a specific project or service. It typically includes a description of the project or service, as well as any requirements or specifications.

83. What is a request for quotation?

A request for quotation is a document that is used to solicit quotes from vendors or contractors for a specific project or service. It typically includes a description of the project or service, as well as any requirements or specifications.

84. What is the purpose of a project charter?

A project charter is a document that outlines the objectives, scope, and stakeholders of a construction project. It is used to provide a clear and concise understanding of the project’s purpose and to guide the project team in its execution.

85. What is the critical path method?

The critical path method is a project management technique that is used to identify the activities that are critical to the completion of a project, and to determine the minimum time required to complete the project.

86. What is earned value analysis?

Earned value analysis is a project management technique that is used to track the progress of a project and to determine whether it is on track to meet its goals. It involves comparing the value of work completed to the value of work planned, and using this information to forecast the project’s future performance.

87. What is a construction schedule?

A construction schedule is a document that outlines the timeline and milestones for a construction project. It includes key dates, deadlines, and deliverables, and is used to manage and monitor the progress of the project.

88. What is a work breakdown structure?

A work breakdown structure is a hierarchical chart that breaks down the components of a project into smaller, more manageable tasks. It is used to organize and plan the work required to complete a construction project.

89. What is a change management plan?

A change management plan is a document that outlines the process for managing changes to a construction project. It includes procedures for identifying, evaluating, and implementing changes, as well as for communicating changes to stakeholders.

90. What is a stakeholder management plan?

A stakeholder management plan is a document that outlines the strategies for managing the expectations and interests of stakeholders in a construction project. It includes procedures for identifying stakeholders, assessing their needs and concerns, and developing strategies to engage with them.

A public-private partnership is a contractual agreement between a public agency and a private sector entity to deliver a public service or infrastructure project. The private sector entity typically invests in the project and assumes some of the financial and operational risks, in exchange for the opportunity to generate revenue from the project.

97. What is a greenfield project?

A greenfield project is a construction project that involves building on undeveloped land. This type of project typically involves more planning and site preparation than a brownfield project, which involves building on previously developed land.

98. What is a brownfield project?

A brownfield project is a construction project that involves building on previously developed land. This type of project often involves remediation of any environmental contamination and can be more complex than a greenfield project.

99. What is a lean construction project?

A lean construction project is a construction project that uses principles of lean manufacturing to reduce waste, improve efficiency, and maximize value for the client. This approach focuses on continuous improvement, collaboration, and eliminating unnecessary activities or processes.

100. What is the future of Quantity Surveying and Valuation in Civil Engineering?

The future of Quantity Surveying and Valuation in Civil Engineering will likely be shaped by emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and automation. These technologies will enable more accurate and efficient cost estimation, scheduling, and project management and will help improve the construction industry’s overall efficiency and sustainability. Additionally, the increasing focus on sustainability and green construction practices will likely create new opportunities for Quantity Surveyors and Valuers with expertise in this area.