Last Updated on August 10, 2025 by Admin
Lifting chains – also known as hoisting chains or alloy chain slings – are indispensable in heavy industry. From construction sites and infrastructure projects to offshore oil rigs and manufacturing plants, these steel chains play a crucial role in safely moving machinery and bulky equipment around the world. Rugged alloy chain slings are often the go-to solution for raising massive, awkwardly shaped, or high-temperature loads that would challenge other slings. Their strength, durability, and versatility make lifting chains a backbone of global logistics for heavy equipment.
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Using Lifting Chains with Cranes and Hoists
In heavy lifting operations, lifting chains are typically used with cranes and hoists to secure and move loads. A chain sling usually consists of one or more lengths of high-grade alloy chain connected to a master link at the top, which hooks into the crane or hoist, and various hooks or attachments on the bottom ends to latch onto the load.
Not only are chains used on cranes, but chain hoists (manual or electric) are also widely employed in machinery moving. Chain hoists use calibrated load chains to incrementally lift or lower heavy items with precise control – ideal for relocating industrial machines in a plant or aligning components during assembly. Whether it’s a tower crane hoisting a generator or a come-along chain hoist inching a piece of equipment into place, lifting chains provide a reliable connection between machinery and lifting device.
Types of Lifting Chains and Sling Configurations
Alloy steel chains for lifting come in different grades and configurations. The most common are Grade 80 and Grade 100 alloy chain, with Grade 100 offering roughly a 25% higher working load limit (WLL) than Grade 80 of the same size. Higher grades, such as Grade 120, are also emerging for even greater strength without adding bulk.
Chain sling assemblies are configured in several styles:
- Single-leg slings for straightforward vertical lifts.
- Two-leg, three-leg, and four-leg slings for balanced multi-point lifts.
- Adjustable slings with shortening hooks for levelling uneven loads.
They can be used in vertical, choker, or basket hitches depending on the load and the lift requirements. End fittings, master links, and hook types can be specified to suit different attachment points and crane hook sizes.
Engineering and Safety Considerations
Selecting and using lifting chains requires engineering judgment and adherence to safety standards. OSHA and ASME B30.9 require that all lifting slings, including chain slings, be marked with size, grade, number of legs, and WLL, and that they are never used beyond their rated capacity.
Factors such as sling angle must be considered – the wider the angle between legs, the greater the tension on each leg. Loads must be rigged so that no leg is overloaded.
Inspection is critical. Before each use, chains should be checked for wear, stretching, cracks, deformation, and damaged hooks. If the identification tag is missing or unreadable, or if any link shows unacceptable wear, the sling must be removed from service. Repairs should only be carried out by qualified professionals and the sling proof-tested before returning to service.
Environmental factors matter as well. Alloy chain can tolerate heat better than synthetic slings, but OSHA specifies capacity reductions above certain temperatures. Sharp edges should be padded to prevent gouging or cutting the chain.
For further guidance on chain sling selection, adjustment, and maintenance, resources like Sling Smarter offer technical advice tailored to rigging professionals.
Advantages Over Other Rigging Options
Lifting chains have unique benefits over wire rope or synthetic slings:
- Strength and Durability: Handles extremely heavy, repetitive lifts and resists cuts, abrasion, and impact damage.
- High Temperature Tolerance: Can work in hot environments where synthetic slings would fail.
- Versatility: Can be adjusted for load shape and balance, used in multiple hitch types, and combined with other rigging gear.
- Repairable: Damaged components can often be replaced and the sling re-certified.
- Predictable Failure Mode: Alloy chain tends to stretch before failing, providing visual warning.
Drawbacks include their heavier weight, higher initial cost, and potential to damage delicate loads without padding.
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Real-World Applications
In construction, lifting chains are used for steel beams, concrete sections, and heavy plant equipment. In manufacturing, they help relocate CNC machines, presses, and boilers. The oil and gas industry uses them for drilling equipment, valves, and offshore structures. Mining and maritime sectors also depend on chain slings for their resilience in harsh, abrasive environments.
Specialist rigging contractors often use chain falls in confined spaces where cranes can’t operate, allowing precise movement of machinery during plant shutdowns or relocations.
Chains in Global Logistics
Beyond lifting, chains are essential in securing loads during transportation. Heavy equipment on low-bed trailers is often tied down with transport-grade chains and binders to comply with road safety regulations. In shipping, chains secure large cargo in containers or on deck, preventing movement in rough seas.
Because projects often span multiple countries, chain slings are manufactured to international standards so they can be used confidently worldwide, provided local safety requirements are also met.
Lifting chains remain one of the most reliable tools for moving heavy machinery and equipment safely. By understanding the types, applications, and safety considerations – and sourcing quality gear from trusted suppliers – riggers and engineers can ensure each lift is executed efficiently and without incident.
Whether hoisting a turbine, relocating a production line, or securing machinery for global transport, the right lifting chain makes the job possible.
References
- Sling Smarter – Lifting Chains & Rigging Equipment
- OSHA – Slings Standard 29 CFR 1910.184
- ASME B30.9 – Slings Standard Overview
